PCOD is caused because of the collection of premature eggs in the ovaries resulting in formation of fluid-filled sacs called cysts. This in turn triggers the excessive production of male hormones and insulin that causes various other symptoms. 

On the other hand, PCOS is mainly a syndrome that involves hormonal disturbance in  the endocrine system where there is no proper regulation of the production of reproductive hormones. It is directly associated with metabolic disorders. Most women who are diagnosed with PCOS face ‘insulin resistance’. 
In this condition, your body doesn’t respond normally to insulin and blocks the entry of glucose in the blood cells. This basically means that the glucose level in your body isn’t used effectively thus making it unstable. In response to this, the endocrine system produces more insulin. 
The excessive production of insulin triggers the production of male hormones, aka androgens like testosterone in the ovaries and adrenal glands.

Difference between PCOS and PCOD

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